change; alteration; substitute; rate of exchange
role; assignment; position (of responsibility); post; part (in a play, film, etc.); role
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
leisurely post; do-nothing job; sinecure
good thing; strong point; good family; prestigious school; the right moment; utter
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
skip it; drop it; I've had enough (e.g. when offered something); that's enough
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
policeman; cop; walking in a circle (dog trick); (arch.) rounds (doctor, police beat, etc.); (arch.) vegetables that accompany rice (secret language of court ladies)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
(sound of) laughter; laughing voice
(real) ability; true strength; merit; arms; force
-less; lacking; non-existing
immediately; at once; instantly
root (of a plant); root (of a tooth, hair, etc.); center (of a pimple, etc.); root (of all evil, etc.); source; one's true nature
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful
Ansei era (1854.11.27-1860.3.18)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
June; sixth month of the lunar calendar
nineteenth day of the month; nineteen days; (arch.) fool; (arch.) simpleton
snell (fishing); leader; trace; cast
negotiations; discussions; connection
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
The Treaty of Amity and Commerce (July 29, 1858); Japan-US Friendship and Trade Treaty
signature; signing; sealing
clear; obvious; evident; bright; light
crime; sin; penalty; sentence; fault; responsibility
disobeying the emperor's order
treaty; pact; convention; agreement
emperor; ruler (with a heavenly mandate); heavenly being; celestial being
pardon; forgiveness; exemption; permission
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out