Nabeshima Kansou (1814-1871)
rice cakes cut into rectangles (esp. eaten on New Year's Day)
disobeying the emperor's order
currency issued by a feudal clan
Satchō Alliance; 1866 alliance between the feudal domains of Satsuma and Chōshū
right time; appropriate time; season's greetings
Iwakura Tomomi (1825-1883)
(army unit of) conscripted farmers
arbitrary decision; on one's own authority; arbitrariness
world fair; international exposition
war; campaign; battle; (arch.) unpaid work (ritsuryo system); (arch.) forced labor
to go to the bottom of an affair; to inquire into the origin
feudal domain owned by a Tokugawa family branch
military system; military organization; military organisation
factory; manufactory; works; mill
Imperial Palace; Imperial Court
restoration of imperial rule; (in English history) the Restoration
to beat down prices; to strike a hard bargain
bleaching; bleached cotton; doxxing; doxing; public humiliation (as an Edo period punishment)
opening a port (seaport, airport, etc.); starting operations at a port; opening a port to foreign vessels or trade
Bitchū (former province located in the west of present-day Okayama Prefecture)