hick; country bumpkin; yokel
indignant lamentation over the evils of the times
three secondary Tokugawa branch families (Tayasu, Shimizu, and Hitotsubashi)
principle of excluding foreigners (late Edo period)
Heijō-kyō (ancient name of Nara)
manager; steward; person next in rank to the chief retainer and in charge of general management and accounting in a samurai family (Edo period)
noble undertaking; heroic deed
courtier; noble; people serving the Imperial Court
peasant uprising (Edo period); peasants' revolt
magnificent; grand; majestic; splendid
obstinate; stubborn; headstrong
(arch.) Japan; the eight Edo-period provinces of Kanto (Sagami, Musashi, Awa, Kazusa, Shimousa, Hitachi, Kouzuke and Shimotsuke)
chief; leading; important; prominent
the principle of the thing
to talk; to discuss; to debate; to negotiate
skill; dexterity; master hand
earthen walls (of fortification); earthwork; embankment
beating someone up by ganging up on them; facing a barrage of criticism
fuse; pilot light; cause (of a war, argument, revolt, etc.); origin; trigger
first of the season (e.g. produce, catch); virgin
man among men; manly man; alpha male
(staring) piercingly; (looking) hard
to hear a rumor; to get wind of
steamship; steamboat; steamer
immediate follower (of the shogun)
Edo shogunate (1603-1867)
foreign settlement; concession; reservation (e.g. American Indian)
to tower above; to stand out
a little bit; a little while
official notice; Edo-period proclamation issued by the shogunate (or a daimyo, etc.) usu. to the general populace
Tenpō era (1830.12.10-1844.12.2)
to smash violently; to crush
fortress; castle; citadel; enclosure; castle walls
expel the barbarians; expulsion of the foreigners; late Edo period (19th century) revolutionary slogan