jpdb beta

honorific/polite/humble prefix

32

samurai; warrior; military family

2

Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation

28

and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...

4

farmer; peasant; farming; the common people

13

by nature; by birth; naturally; natural; innate

1

such; like that; that sort of; very

2

(social) standing; status; identity; birth; one's circumstances; one's means

1

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

92

to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen

8

this world; this life; world of the living

4

itself; one's own body; oneself; originally; naturally

1

that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage

2

bakufu; shogunate

14

funny; amusing; strange; odd; improper; unsuitable

1

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

129

may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly

1

to become known; to come to light; to be known; to be understood; to clearly not amount to much; to be insignificant

1

be; is; did; (have) done; please; do

51

to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case

6

I; me

13

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

112

how; in what way; how about

5

to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)

12

good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial

12

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

101

to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend

2

to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding

13

tail (animal, kite, comet, etc.); tail end; slope at the foot of a mountain

11

quantity; amount; volume; number; amount of money

11

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

43

carefully; with caution

1

Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo

23

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

72

to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in

2

going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people

5

nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not

18

if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question

40

don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...

8

eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey

7

to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk

6

adds force or indicates command

2

moment; instant

2

just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...

11

request; favor; favour; reliance; dependence; trust

1

wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to

1

Ichirōemon

1

what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few

7

talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor

5

indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very

26