indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
attachment; adhesion; tenacity; fixation; obsession
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to cool oneself; to cool off; to enjoy the cool air
what's the best thing to do?; what to do?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
well; properly; best regards; please remember me; just like ...; as though one were ...
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
goddamn idiot; moron; nitwit
hit; success; guess; prediction; affability; friendliness; sensation
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
film released direct-to-video
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
good luck; fortune; happiness
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to pass (of time); to elapse
café; cafe; coffeehouse; hostess bar (serving western alcoholic beverages; Taisho and Showa period)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
being very active; being very useful; playing a very active part; making a spectacular showing; great efforts; splendid work
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also