now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to bury (e.g. in the ground); to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall); to cause to be packed; to plug (a gap); to stop (a gap); to make up for (a loss, shortage, etc.); to make amends
crime; sin; penalty; sentence; fault; responsibility
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to dig up; to unearth; to uncover
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
rikka; formal style of ikebana
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
too; also; still; as before; even so; either way
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
your husband; her husband
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
truth; reality; truly; really; absolute truth