beginning; outset; first; onset
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
straw-rope pattern pressed into earthenware; Jōmon period (ca. 14000-1000 BCE)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
earthenware; unglazed (bisque-fired) earthenware
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
potentiality; likelihood; possibility; availability
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
in that way; thus; so; so?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to touch; to feel; to get involved (with); to approach; to be harmful to; to hinder
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
precious; valuable; priceless; noble; exalted; sacred
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
feel (of a material); texture