look here; I say; well; I know what; I'll tell you what; just a minute
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
look!; see!; here!; there!; hey!
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
call; visit; inquiry; enquiry; question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to leak out (of a secret); to come out; to be exposed (of a lie, improper behaviour, etc.); to get away (of a fish)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
nakedness; nudity; bareness; nakedness; being penniless; concealing nothing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
too; also; still; as before; even so; either way
to put on; to wear; to be clothed in; to be clad in; to be dressed in; to be wrapped in
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to grow cold; to get chilly; to cool down
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
then; well; so; well then
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
so much; so often; oh, yes!; that's it; that's right; quite
not a chance; not likely; no way; oh no; yuck; eew
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
thump-thump; bang-bang; pit-a-pat; to beat fast (of one's heart); to throb; to pound
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
skin; body (in the context of intimate bodily contact); surface; grain (e.g. of wood); disposition; temperament
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
to begin some form of lifestyle
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
brother-in-law (spouse's older brother or older sister's husband); older stepbrother
to disagree; to dispute; to fight (over)