indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to notice; to become aware; to be scrupulous; to be attentive; to recover consciousness; to come to oneself
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
time; hour; period; class
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to render futile; to bring to naught; to waste; to not make good use of
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
squirrel's foot fern (Davallia mariesii); Lepisorus thunbergianus (species of fern); color of clothing layers under one's overcoat (light green on blue); ancient women's hairstyle; clothing patterned using squirrel's foot fern
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
pupil; student; schoolchild
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
sorry; excuse me; thank you
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
remarkable ability; mastery; brilliant technique; go-getter; resourceful person; wizard
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
excuse me for disturbing (interrupting) you; greeting used when entering someone's home
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to mind (negative nuance); to care about; to worry; to pay undue (amount of) attention to (something)
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
to be in disorder; to lie scattered around
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
bachelorhood; single; unmarried; celibate
living with one's parents; living at home