bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
cry (esp. animal); roar; chirp; tweet; bark; whine
shore; bank (of a body of water)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
being full; (counting) completed years (e.g. when calculating age); full (years, months, etc.); Manchuria
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
bread; (sweet) pastry; staff of life; one's bread
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to talk; to chat; to chatter
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
lateness; tardiness; arriving late
adds force or indicates command
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
rucksack; knapsack; backpack
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?