now; the present time; just now; another; more
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
beautification; glorification
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
meaning; significance; sense
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
sad; miserable; unhappy; sad; lamentable; deplorable
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
to make a mistake; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
rebellious phase; rebellious age
Qing dynasty (China, 1644-1912); Ch'ing dynasty; Manchu dynasty
man; male; masculine gender
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
fraud; swindle; graft; saying you're going to do something but in the end not doing it; making promises without keeping them
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
no!; no no!; no, not at all