mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
adds force or indicates command
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates concession or compromise; indicates permission
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
understood; I see; OK; present; here
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
(arch.) office; (arch.) official; chief; head; (Yaeyama Islands in Okinawa) person (usually a woman) whose duty it is to officiate at religions ceremonies
congratulation; celebration
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; bad habit; bad behaviour; crazy; insane
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
should; must; -able; probably; likely