-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to fit; to get into; to be fit for (a job, etc.); to be suited for; to fall into; to plunge into
latest; newest; late-breaking (news)
toy; (person or thing treated as a) plaything
successively; one after another
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
married couple; husband and wife; man and wife; his and hers; pair of objects, one larger (for man), one smaller (for woman)
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
tree sparrow (Passer montanus); talkative person; knowledgeable person
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
the person in question; prominent figure; distinguished person; that person
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
rubbish; trash; garbage; refuse
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; (not) any
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
suffix for familiar person
honorific/polite/humble prefix