Zhou dynasty (China, approx. 1046-256 BCE); Chou dynasty; perimeter; counter for laps or circuits
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
suffix for familiar person
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
new; fresh; new item (e.g. customer, regulation); newly created object; new customer
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
graduation; completion (of a course); moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
alright to do; can do; do not mind doing; gladly do; might as well do
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the sun); to suffer (e.g. an attack); to draw (e.g. criticism, attention, praise); to have heaped upon
being deeply moved emotionally; excitement; passion; inspiration; deep emotion; strong impression
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
nap; short sleep; first sleep of silkworms
entirely useless; completely worthless; no no; don't!
company; corporation; workplace
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
myself; yourself; I; me; you
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good