Zhou dynasty (China, approx. 1046-256 BCE); Chou dynasty; perimeter; counter for laps or circuits
suffix for familiar person
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
really; truly; indeed; good grief
(coming to an) agreement; consent; mutual understanding; accord; consensus
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
third stage; three stages
practical use; application; conjugation; inflection
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
disorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem
in that way; thus; so; so?
reformation; revolution; renewal; Meiji Restoration
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to take back; to regain; to get back; to recover
iron hammer; (fig.) crushing blow
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
betrayer; traitor; turncoat; informer
justice; right; righteousness; correct meaning; correct explanation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to make a decision; to draw a conclusion; to give a judgement; to hand down a verdict; to let go down; to lower; to do oneself
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis