Zhou dynasty (China, approx. 1046-256 BCE); Chou dynasty; perimeter; counter for laps or circuits
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
bear's gall (used as medicine for the stomach); bear's bile
thanks (for coming, helping, etc.); glad you could make it; tiredness; fatigue
mammoth (esp. the woolly mammoth, Mammuthus primigenius)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
single; simple; singles (tennis, badminton, etc.); win bet (bet which predicts the winner of a race)
(camera) shutter; shutter (for a door, window, etc.)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
height (of body); stature
apple (fruit); apple tree (Malus pumila)
counter for articles; counter for military units; individual
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty