first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
full of (e.g. mistakes); riddled with; covered all over with (blood, mud, etc.)
smell (esp. a good smell); fragrance; scent; aroma; perfume
technical high school; industrial high school
popular name; common name; nickname; alias
entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.) (enrollment)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
opposition; rebellion; rebounding; recoiling; rally (e.g. in stock prices); recovery
though; notwithstanding; although
gradually; steadily; slowly; little by little; step by step; by degrees
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to bring near; to bring close; to let go near; to associate with; to bring (people) together; to let come near (of a person)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
soon; in a moment; nearby; close; direct; spot transaction
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
factory; plant; mill; workshop
prefectural; managed by a prefectural government
leader; reader; reading book; reader (i.e. someone who reads); microreader; dotted line (in printing)
body; body blow (in boxing)
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
listen!; you see; mind you; remember
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no