holly olive (Osmanthus heterophyllus); false holly; holly; spotnape ponyfish (Leiognathus nuchalis)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
(ancient) Japan; Yamato (former province located in present-day Nara Prefecture)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
birth; birthplace; born in (country, month, imperial era, zodiac year, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to wrap up; to pack; to cover; to envelop; to conceal (a feeling); to hide
to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)
senior high school; high school
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
head of the student council; president of the student council
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
activity (esp. energetic); great efforts; conspicuous service; to flourish; to participate actively; to play an active role
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
clergyman; churchman; clergy
pupil; student; schoolchild
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
scented insert (to enclose with a letter); perfumed insert
commodity; article of commerce; goods; stock; merchandise
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
confidence; trust; faith; credit (finance)
to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to