indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
convulsion; cramp; spasm; tic; twitch; fit
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
nursery school teacher; childcare worker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
telephone call; phone call; telephone (device); phone
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
nursing; nurturing; rearing; lactation; suckling
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
having a crush on someone; flushing
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
nursery school; day nursery; preschool
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
your home; your family; their home; (my) home
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
care-taking; house-sitting; house-watching; caretaker; house-sitter
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
willow (any tree of genus Salix); weeping willow (Salix babylonica)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; bad habit; bad behaviour; crazy; insane
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
policy; course; plan (of action); magnetic needle
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
discipline; training; teaching manners
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?