(tree) trunk; (arrow) shaft; (tool) handle; backbone; base
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
... and eastward; east of
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
way; course; the only way
wholehearted; earnest; determined; intent; single-minded; straightforward
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
feeling; sense; impression
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
poison; toxicant; harm; evil influence; ill will; spite
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to become numb; to go to sleep (e.g. a limb); to get an electric shock; to tingle (from an electric shock); to be excited; to be titillated
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
such; like that; that sort of; very
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
all; entire; whole; altogether
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
suffix for familiar person
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively