-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
so; like this; in this way; this much; to this extent
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be collected (of clams, etc.); to be gathered (of mushrooms, herbs, etc.); to be picked (of fruit, etc.); to be able to collect; to be able to extract; to be able to get
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
father; dad; husband; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he
defeat; loss; failing to live up to (one's name, looks, etc.); discount; loss (on a sale)
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
just-harvested; freshly picked; freshly caught (fish); fresh
good(-tasting); nice; delicious; attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
awfully; frightfully; desperately; violently; unduly; extremely
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
few; little; small (amount); low; scarce; insufficient
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
hey!; say!; I say!; I; me
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
companion; company; tritagonist; second supporting character
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
apart from that; other than that; leaving that aside; more importantly; more ... than that; but
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
such; this sort of; like this
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
high-quality goods; choice goods
straw-rope pattern pressed into earthenware; Jōmon period (ca. 14000-1000 BCE)
leaf; blade (of grass); (pine) needle; marijuana; weed; cannabis
to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)