indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
my; one's own; I ...; one ...
arm; skill; efforts; ability
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to make one's way in the world; to earn one's living; to live
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
wandering samurai; soldier of fortune; brigand; mountain-dwelling robber
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
present age; present day; today; modern era; modern times
(arch.) lowly person; (arch.) lowliness; I
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
haze (esp. in spring); mist; dimness (of sight)
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
seat; place; position; status; gathering; party; stand
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to be needed; to be wanted
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
diet; losing weight by any method (e.g. exercise)
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
location (e.g. of film shoot); remote (shoot at a remote location)
speech; tongue; dialect; brogue; bento; Japanese box lunch; petal
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
trade; buying and selling; trafficking (e.g. of humans, arms, drugs); dealing
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey