warfare; the maelstrom of war; disorder brought about by war
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
my; one's own; I ...; one ...
arm; ability; skill; (physical) strength
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to make one's way in the world; to earn one's living; to live
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
wandering samurai; soldier of fortune; brigand; mountain-dwelling robber
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
present age; present day; contemporary; modern era; modern times; contemporary era
haze (esp. in spring); mist; dimness (of sight)
quantity; amount; volume; number; amount of money
height; stature; length (esp. of clothing); all (one has); everything; magnificence (of a waka poem, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
lowly person; lowliness; I
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
how; in what way; how about
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
shape; form; appearance; style; state; situation
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not