indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
(sound of) laughter; laughing voice
all present; all concerned; all of us
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
woman; female; feminine gender
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
man; male; masculine gender
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
staff; stuff; stuffing; filling
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
Kaga (former province located in the south of present-day Ishikawa Prefecture)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)