from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pile (of noodles, etc.); bullet
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
rich (taste); full-bodied (flavour, flavor); mellow; laid-back (lifestyle); relaxed; comfortable
comfortable; easy; calm; loose; spacious
association; socializing; socialising; fellowship
please (give me); please (do for me)
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
fortune-telling; divination
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
presentiment; premonition; hunch; to have a premonition; to have a hunch
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
at the critical moment; when the time comes; when it's most important; when necessary; in an emergency; when push comes to shove
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shut; to close; to block (a street, entrance, etc.); to shut in (with snow, ice, etc.); to shut off; to consume (with negative feelings)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to miss (e.g. a chance); to lose; to set free; to let go; to fail to ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
confession; acknowledgement; confession of love; professing one's feelings; confession of sins (e.g. the confessional)
courage; bravery; valour; valor; nerve; boldness