indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
ice; shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
melon (esp. a muskmelon, Cucumis melo)
shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup); Italian ice; snow cone; sno-cone
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
salt; common salt; hardship; toil; saltiness; cold
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
mountainous region; mountainous district; hilly district
hollow; cavity; sunken place; (arch.) vagina; (arch.) female genitalia
Amur silvergrass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
exactly; surely; right then; just then; just (about to); on the verge (of doing or happening)
lightly (floating, drifting, etc.); buoyantly; soft; fluffy; unsteadily; flightily
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
in that way; thus; so; so?
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest