indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
nectar; honey; honeydew; treacle; molasses; sorbitol (when visible as dark patches inside an apple)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
mixture of bean jam, boiled beans, agar cubes, fruit pieces and syrup
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
sweet-tasting; sweet; fragrant (smelling); sweet (music); lightly salted; light in salt; naive
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
sweetness; sugary taste; sweets; dessert; charm; appeal
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
sweetness; sugary taste; sweets; dessert; cake
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
business; trade; operations; sales
mountainous region; mountainous district; hilly district
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
(some) more; even more; longer; further
employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson
head (chief, director) of a section or department; head of a (school) club; head of a (school) team
first warbling heard in a New Year
sweet adzuki bean paste made of a mixture of mashed and whole beans
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
honorific/polite/humble prefix
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine