lightning; thunder; god of thunder; god of lightning; anger; fit of anger
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be shut; to close; to be locked; to tighten; to be tightened; to become sober
beginning; outset; first; onset
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to refuse; to reject; to inform; to give notice; to ask leave; to excuse oneself (from)
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
about; on; regarding; per; for every
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; intention; mind; mood
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
medium (size); average (grade, level, etc.); in; within; during; while; currently (doing)
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
honorific/polite/humble prefix
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
unexpected; surprising; unanticipated; strange; unforeseen
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
spirit (e.g. human spirit); soul; spirit; ghost; ethereal being
feature (e.g. newspaper); special edition; report
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
drive; trip by car; to (go for a) drive; to go on a trip by car; to drive (e.g. a car); to drive (innovation, change, etc.)