small; little; slightly less than; just about; somewhat; somehow
interpretation (i.e. oral translation); interpreter
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
(sound of) laughter; laughing voice
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
hello; good day; good afternoon
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
religious organization; religious organisation
founder of a religious sect
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others