upper stratum (classes, stories, storeys); upper layer; layer above
frog; kajika frog (Buergeria buergeri)
now that; since; as long as; provided that
student teacher; trainee teacher
simultaneous; all at once
stubborn (obstinate) father; pig-headed old man
cold (drinking) water; (glass of) cold water; cold boiled rice
chocolate given to a man on Valentine's day out of genuine sentiment
person who is ignorant of the real world; (lit.) frog in a well
Dutch studies; studies of Western knowledge
to two-time; to play it both ways; to sit on the fence
discount coupon or ticket
to divide; to separate; to share; to distribute; to distinguish
roasted pork fillet (often used in ramen)
shifting (the burden) onto; ill effects; negative consequences; burden
one move (in go, shogi, etc.); only way; only means; doing alone; doing single-handed
tempting thing; (too much of a) temptation; something that shouldn't be seen; thing damaging to the eyes
chase; pursuit; chase scene (in a movie); obsessive fan who follows a celebrity around; groupie; in (quick) succession
attaching the familiar suffix "-chan" to somebody's name
high-spec; highly competitive (on the dating scene, e.g. by having a high income, being good-looking); ticking all the boxes
mixture of fact and fiction; half-truth
being used to ...; getting used to ...; being accustomed to; being conditioned to; be familiar with
(random) guess; guesswork; shot in the dark; conjecture
clumsy (work); awkward; poorly made; ugly (of a person); unattractive; plain
chink in the armor (armour)
answering machine; answer phone
putting on a brave face; put-on cheeriness; pretending one is fine; show of courage; bravado; Dutch courage
awning (over window, doorway); eaves (of roof); narrow aisle surrounding the core of a temple building; visor (of a cap); brim; classic Japanese women's low pompadour hairstyle
deep-fried food (esp. chicken)
wish; desire; hope; prospect; expectation; (one's) hopes
bell signalling that work, class, etc. will formally begin shortly; first bell; warning bell
day duty; day shift; class duty (students)
don't worry about it; never mind; that's OK
to come of age; to become an adult; to become fully qualified; to stand on one's own
gyoza; pot sticker; crescent-shaped pan-fried dumplings stuffed with minced pork and vegetables
nikujaga; meat and potato stew
third month of the lunar calendar; (arch.) thick growth (of grass, etc.); Yayoi period (ca. 300 BCE-300 CE); Yayoi culture