indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Ninomiya Kazunari (1983.6.17-)
(arch.) second-born imperial prince; second most important provincial shrine
or something; for instance ... (though there are other suitable options); ... or ...; as soon as; right after; while still
Tokyo Metropolis (prefecture); Tokyo metropolitan area
kudzu (Pueraria montana); Japanese arrowroot; Chinese moonseed (Sinomenium acutum)
and; moreover; besides; as well as; and on top of that; at the same time
ward; borough; city (in Tokyo); district (e.g. electoral); section; zone (e.g. postal)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
one's history as a performer
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
storm; tempest; uproar; hullabaloo; storm (e.g. of protest)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
suffix for familiar person
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
(turning) round and round; in circles; wrapping around; winding around
to turn; to revolve; to visit several places; to function well; to pass a certain time
now; the present time; just now; another; more
sacred place; holy ground; the Holy Land; real-life location used as a setting in a novel, film, anime, etc.
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
to come off; to be removed; to disappear (of pain, a fever, etc.); to be caught; to be harvested; to be interpreted (as); to be taken (as)