indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
rabbit; hare; coney; cony; lagomorph (esp. leporids)
Alice; Alliss; Alyce; Arisu
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
Japanese dormouse (Glirulus japonicus)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
synthesized voice; synthesized speech
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
polish (jewels); cultivation
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
lush mountain; green mountain
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
breath; breathing; tone; mood
rough; wild; violent; immoderate; extravagant; reckless
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
goal; basket (basketball); finishing line; Gaul
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
father; dad; husband; you; he
motorcycle; motorbike; bicycle
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
time; hour; period; class
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial