indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be surprised; to be astonished
(initial) setup; installation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
shumai; shaomai; steamed meat dumpling (Chinese-style)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to kick; to refuse; to reject; to stamp (on the ground); to firmly press one's feet (against something)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
long (i.e. full-length) pants (as opposed to shorts)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
type; kind; type (of person); (ideal) type; typewriter; typing
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to drain; to flow (unobstructed); to sell well; to be in good demand; to exit the stage; to remove (a prop) from the stage
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
one's real father; natural father; biological father
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
no problem; all right; not an issue; unobjectionable
such; like that; in that way
unwillingly; grudgingly; shaking head in refusal (like a child); no!; no no!
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine