indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
dangerous; risky; in danger; in jeopardy; uncertain; unreliable
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ought to have been; was ... right?; to do for (inferiors)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
police officer; policeman; constable
will; resolution; kindness; goodwill; gift (as a token of gratitude)
truth; reality; truly; really; absolute truth
lion; left-hand guardian dog at a Shinto shrine
honorific/polite/humble prefix
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; (arch.) that's right
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
armored ship; armoured ship
in this way; thus; such; uh...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(private) secretary; treasured book; secret book
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
report; notification; tip; message (in information and communication theory)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
fate; destiny (esp. as a mysterious force that binds two people together); relationship (e.g. between two people); bond; family ties; affinity; opportunity