indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
will; resolution; kindness; goodwill; gift (as a token of gratitude)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
police officer; policeman; constable
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
pleasant smell; aroma; fragrance; pleasant-smelling vegetation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
fidelity; honour; honor; chastity (of a woman); faithfulness (e.g. to one's husband)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
subordinate; underling; henchman; minion
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
more and more; increasingly; extremely; very
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
drawing a sword; drawn sword
mourning; abstinence; taboo; religious purification; pure; holy
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
adds force or indicates command