friend; companion; comrade; accompaniment; companion (e.g. book); complement
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you (plural); all of you; you all
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
devil; demon; Satan; the Devil; Māra; evil spirits or forces that hinder one's path to enlightenment
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
height; stature; length (esp. of clothing); all (one has); everything; magnificence (of a waka poem, etc.)
humour; humor; safety; health; in a good mood; in high spirits
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
October; tenth month of the lunar calendar
twenty-second day of the month; twenty-two days
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
holiday; day off; sleep; rest; Good night
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
mirror; looking-glass; barrel head; page added at the beginning of a document mentioning its purpose, date, author, etc.; mirror-shaped mochi
instead of; in place of; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in return for; to make up for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to get lost; to become lost; to go astray