indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; the present time; just now; another; more
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
law; rule; regulation; destiny; fate; karma
in accordance with; according to; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
married couple; husband and wife; man and wife; his and hers; pair of objects, one larger (for man), one smaller (for woman)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to fall ill; to suffer from (e.g. a disease); to have something wrong with (e.g. an inner organ)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to show respect for; to revere; to honour; to honor; to worship; to hold in esteem
to comfort; to console; to amuse
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
limit; limits; degree; extent; the end; the last; as long as ...
hard; solid; stiff; tight; strong; firm (not viscous or easily moved); safe
constancy; integrity; fidelity; principle; faithfulness; honor
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
in short; in a word; to sum up; to put it simply; to make a long story short; after all
disappearance; running away; going missing; absconding
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
since some time ago; for some time; for quite a while
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...