indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
gun; cannon; artillery; ordnance
siblings; brothers and sisters; brothers; siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; mate
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
adds force or indicates command
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
barrier; protective wall; obstacle; hindrance; imaginary shield that gives one invincibility or immunity
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
image; figure; figure; form; image
silver (Ag); silver coin; money; silver medal; silver colour; silver color
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
hideout; secret base of operations; safe house
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality