older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
spring break; spring vacation
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
that's good; that's nice; like (on social media); is that clear?; OK?
still; much more; (not) yet; still a long way to go; still a long way off; not there yet
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
thundering; purring; something large and heavy starting to roll; scattered about; common; idleness; idling about
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to put on weight; to gain weight; to grow fat; to get stout
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
is something wrong?; what's wrong?; what's the matter?; slightest; mere; trivial
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
Western-style clothes (cf. traditional Japanese clothes)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
impertinent; saucy; cheeky; impudent; audacious; cocky
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to startle; to surprise; to astonish; (lit.) to make (someone) say "oh!"
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
gem; jewel; precious stone
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of