to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
the other day; lately; recently; meanwhile; in the meantime
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
oh; oh my; oh dear; well, ...; er ...; why, ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
please; if you would; somehow or other; one way or another; whether (or not); if
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
usual; normal; everyday; usually; normally; generally
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
look!; see!; here!; there!; hey!
serious; earnest; honest; real; legit
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
terrific; staggering; tremendous; frightful; ghastly; horrific
harassment (in the workplace) from a position of power; power harassment
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that
bang; bam; noontime signal gun (carried out early Meiji to Taishō); noon gun; last round in a game of 12 rounds; precisely
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
sudden impulse; passing fancy
sorry; excuse me; thank you
why; how; for what reason
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to spread (of a rumour, news, etc.); to travel; to be handed down (from generation to generation); to be passed down; to be introduced (to a country, region, etc.); to be brought; to be conveyed (of a feeling, impression, etc.)
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
ground; earth's surface; land; lot; plot
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question