indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
weather; the elements; fair weather; fine weather
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
considerably; greatly; a lot
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
Izu (former province located on the Izu Peninsula in present-day Shizuoka Prefecture, and the Izu Islands)
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
kilo-; 1000; kilogram; kilogramme; kilometre; kilometer
sky; the skies; high-altitude sky; upper air
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
aviation; flight; flying; to fly; to take a flight
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to thrust (something) into (something); to cram; to plunge into; to charge into; to delve into (a matter); to go into depth; to press (someone) about
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
field of vision; visibility; view; visual field; (one's) ken
zero; 0; nought; nothing; zilch
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
hey there; I say; see here
strange; weird; wonder; mystery; cleverness; adroitness
to make a sound; to give off a sound; to hear a sound
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
now; the present time; just now; another; more
bubble; foam; froth; head on beer
jet; spray; injection; jet propulsion
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)