may I come in?; please forgive me; I'm sorry
cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus); shamisen; geisha; wheelbarrow; clay bed-warmer; bottom; submissive partner of a homosexual relationship
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hand over; to transfer; to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way; to yield; to concede
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to keep (a pet or other animal); to have; to own; to raise; to rear; to feed
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
execution (e.g. of a plan); carrying out; practice; action; implementation; fulfillment
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
how; in what way; how about
making a person, pet, etc. wait (before being permitted to do something); postponement; putting on hold
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
well; properly; best regards; please remember me; just like ...; as though one were ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent