to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
papa; dad; daddy; sugar daddy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to succeed (someone); to take over from; to pick up the torch
company; corporation; workplace
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
management; administration; operation; running (business); conducting
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
fate; destiny; predestination
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(corporate) bankruptcy; insolvency; commercial failure; failed business
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
amount financed; loan amount
100,000,000; one hundred million
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
(written) application; application form
attaching (documents, etc.); appending; affixing
embellishment (e.g. of a story); ornamentation; decoration; (arch.) putting on makeup
society; the world; the times
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
meaning; significance; sense