to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
small change; coins; small sum of money
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
type of household amulet or talisman, issued by a Shinto shrine, hung in the house for protection
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
chime; bell (e.g. doorbell)
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
please (give me); please (do for me)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
branch manager; manager of a branch office
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
counter; window; teller window; contact person; point of contact
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
highly virtuous monk; monk; Buddhist solitary; Buddhist missionary; saint (i.e. a virtuous person); (arch.) emperor; master
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
dispatch; despatch; deployment; temporary employee (esp. from an agency); temporary worker; agency temp
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
branch office; branch store
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...