indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
honest; frank; candid; honestly; frankly
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well ...; I think ...
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
now; the present time; just now; another; more
(all) through (e.g. the night); throughout (e.g. the year); within (e.g. the week); in the course of (e.g. today); all over; throughout (e.g. the world)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled (of an arrangement, conclusion, etc.)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style; one Buddhist image
what kind of; what sort of; what
impossible; unthinkable; unbelievable; ridiculous
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
suffix for familiar person
remains; corpse; (dead) body
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
with my own (two) eyes; with these very eyes
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
all-night vigil over a body; wake
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to