collapse; crumbling; breaking down; (radioactive) decay; disintegration
family; members of a family
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do over again; to redo; to start over; to remake; to resume; to recommence
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
hard struggle; strenuous effort
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fit; to get into; to be fit for (a job, etc.); to be suited for; to fall into; to plunge into
great (quantity, amount, etc.); huge; enormous; serious
debt; loan; liabilities; borrowing money
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to employ; to have (on one's staff)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to determine (esp. a culprit or underlying cause); to pin down; to ascertain; (arch.) to stab to death
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
child from previous marriage; child of a former spouse; stepchild
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
to be tied together; to be connected to; to lead to; to be related to; to be related (by blood)
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
skin; body (in the context of intimate bodily contact); surface; grain (e.g. of wood); disposition; temperament
to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undress
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
attaining Buddhahood; becoming a Buddha; entering Nirvana; going to heaven; resting in peace; dying (peacefully)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward