indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
nisei; second-generation Japanese (or Korean, etc.); the second (e.g. Edward II); son
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
inside one's heart; in one's mind
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
worst; horrible; horrid; in the worst case; if worst comes to worst
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to do over again; to redo; to start over; to remake; to resume; to recommence
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to desire; to wish; to beg; to request; to have something done for oneself
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
operation (of a machine, etc.); operating; driving; working (capital, etc.)
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
wagon; tea wagon; teacart; station wagon; estate car
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
to be surprised; to be astonished
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
cannot (do); it is impossible that...; it is (highly) unlikely that...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
popular name; common name; nickname; alias
loyalty; devotion; fidelity; inspector of the Imperial Prosecuting and Investigating Office (ritsuryo system)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
reality; actuality; hard fact
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
having a short time to live; having not much longer to live; having little time left; (one's) days are numbered
vengeful spirit (spawned from a person's hate); doppelgänger; co-walker; mankind; souls; people
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
why; oh; no!; quit it!; stop!
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
such; like that; that sort of; very
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
accident; incident; trouble; circumstances; reasons