creator (of a work); author; writer; artist; composer; playwright
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
one's own handwriting; autograph; holograph
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
book; volume; this; present; main; head
because ...; for ...; the reason being ...; as for ...; when it comes to ...; regarding ...
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
something; nothing (with neg. verb)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to replace; to exchange; to interchange; to substitute
difficult to ...; hard to ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
in that way; thus; so; so?
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
even if ...; even supposing that ...; also as ...; also for ...; also from the position of ...
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to spell; to write; to compose; to bind (e.g. documents); to patch
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to load (a gun, etc.); to charge; to put into (e.g. emotion, effort); to include (e.g. tax in a sales price); to hang over; to shroud
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
opposite; reverse; contrary
after ages; posterity; future life; the next world
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
dispute; strife; quarrel; dissension; conflict; rivalry
to invite; to ask; to beckon; to wave someone in; to call in; to send for