this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
evil; wickedness; (role of) the villain (in theatre, etc.); the bad guy
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
something's wrong (with someone); not right (in the head); not oneself; crazy; nuts
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
100,000,000; one hundred million
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
support; participation; assistance; complicity; conspiracy
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
grandfather (may be used after name as honorific); male senior-citizen (may be used after name as honorific)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember