indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
fastidiousness; fussiness about cleanliness, etc.; clean-freak
being a mama's boy; having an (overly) strong attachment to one's mother; Oedipus complex; sexual attraction to one's mother
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
sexless; without sex; sexlessness
dissatisfaction; discontent; displeasure; complaint; unhappiness
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend
to have a relationship; to have relations
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
by a strange coincidence; in an unexpected turn of events; by chance; by accident
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
married woman; another's wife
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to pull; to tug; to draw (attention, sympathy, etc.); to attract (e.g. interest); to draw back (e.g. one's hand); to draw in (one's chin, stomach, etc.); to draw (a card, mahjong tile, etc.)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to continue; to keep up; to keep on; to continue ...; to keep on ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
finally; in the end; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
parting (of people); separation; farewell; breakup
to quarry; to cut (timber); to begin to talk; to break the ice; to start a fire (with flint, by rubbing sticks together, etc.); to select and extract (from a media file)
goodbye; so long; saying goodbye to (e.g. life as a bachelor); putting an end to; farewell (performance, party, etc.); final
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
close friend; bosom friend; buddy; crony; chum
adultery; impropriety; (an) affair; immorality
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
unthinkable; unexpected; absolutely not!; far from it!; (it was) no bother at all; not at all
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to thrust at someone (e.g. a weapon); to point (a gun, knife, etc.) at; to hold up threateningly to (someone's face); to present forcefully (demand, document, etc.); to confront someone with (evidence, facts, etc.); to force upon
suffix for familiar person